Effects of resistant starch supplementation on oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Abstract

Animal experiments showed that resistant starch (RS) had an antioxidant and antiinflammatory effect. However, clinical studies showed both insignificant and significant effects of RS on inflammation and oxidative stress. The purpose of this work is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to investigate these effects. A systematic literature search was conducted on Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed and Cochrane electronic databases, which included studies from the earliest date of the database to September 2021. Key inclusion criteria were: RCTs; reporting at least one inflammatory or oxidative stress biomarker as endpoint; more than seven day intervention. Key exclusion criteria were: using a mixture of RS and other functional food ingredients as intervention substance; inappropriate controls. A total of 16 RCTs including 706 subjects were included. RS supplementation significantly improved total antioxidant capacity [standard mean difference (SMD) (95% CI): 2.64 (0.34, 4.94), p=0.03], and significantly reduced blood malondialdehyde concentration [SMD (95% CI): -0.55 (- 0.94, -0.17), p=0.01]. RS supplementation significantly reduced blood C-reactive protein concentration in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients [SMD (95% CI): -0.35 (-0.65, -0.05), p=0.02]. RS consumption significantly reduced blood interlukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor- concentration if removing one distinct trial. RS supplementation may significantly reduce a few oxidative-stress and inflammation biomarkers such as malondialdehyde and C-reactive protein, particularly in T2DM patients. Future work should investigate the optimal dosage of RS supplementation for modulating oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers related to T2DM.