Abstract
Resistance training and protein supplementation are expected to exert the greatest effect in counteracting muscle-wasting conditions. Myokines might play a key role, but this remains to be elucidated. The aim of this study (NCT03815201) was to examine the effects of a resistance training program with post-exercise leucine-enriched protein supplementation on sarcopenia and frailty status and on the plasma myokine concentrations of post-hospitalized older adults. A total of 41 participants were included in this 12-week resistance training intervention and randomized either to the placebo group or the protein group. Sarcopenia, frailty, body composition and blood-based myokines were measured at baseline and after 12 weeks. Both groups improved in terms of physical performance (p < 0.005) and frailty (p < 0.07) following the resistance training intervention, but without any difference between groups. Myokine concentrations did not change after the intervention in either group. Changes in myostatin concentrations were associated with greater improvements in appendicular skeletal muscle mass at the end of the intervention (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the implementation of resistance training programs after hospitalization in older adults should be prioritized to combat sarcopenia and frailty immediately. The results regarding myostatin should be taken as preliminary findings.
Highlights
Muscle mass loss is a widely known consequence of aging [1]
This study aimed to examine if a 12-week resistance training program along with leucine-enriched protein supplementation after each training session could be beneficial to post-hospitalized older adults (≥70 years old) in terms of improving their frailty and sarcopenia status as well as exercise-induced myokine blood concentrations
The main finding of the current study is that the addition of leucine-enriched whey protein to the resistance training program did not cause any significant improvement to frailty and sarcopenia status
Summary
Muscle mass loss is a widely known consequence of aging [1]. This progressive loss of muscle mass along with impaired muscle strength and function is known as sarcopenia [2].Sarcopenia might result in physical frailty [2]. Muscle mass loss is a widely known consequence of aging [1] This progressive loss of muscle mass along with impaired muscle strength and function is known as sarcopenia [2]. Frailty is considered a geriatric syndrome and it might be present independently of sarcopenia [3]. Both conditions, sarcopenia and frailty, are characterized by a decline in muscle strength and poor physical function [3,4]. Sarcopenia and frailty, are characterized by a decline in muscle strength and poor physical function [3,4] This can be further accelerated by physical inactivity [5]
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