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Abstract
The effects of remating on the fecundity and fertility of female caddis flies, Mystacides azurea (L.) (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) were studied. Females that had previously oviposited and were prevented from remating (1) had new egg batches that contained a lower proportion of fertile eggs, and (2) laid a lower proportion of their remaining eggs than females allowed to remate. Furthermore, the ejaculate was small (only 1% of male dry body weight). These observations suggest that sperm-replenishment polyandry (females remate because their sperm supplies have been depleted) is the most likely explanation for the evolution of polyandry in M. azurea. Females may also be able to sense the fullness of their sperm storage organs and adjust the size of the subsequent egg batch.
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