Abstract
Winter crops have been recognized as an alternative to soil management for fertility and crop productivity in paddy soil. Recently, rape has been produced at winter season and there is little research results on reduction of N fertilizer by adding rape residues for rice cultivation. In this study, we investigated the productivity and quality of rice by applying with 0, 27, 63, <TEX>$90kg\;ha^{-1}$</TEX> of N fertilizer after input of rape residues into soil for two years. The highest yield of rice was average <TEX>$4.68Mg\;ha^{-1}$</TEX> at the treatment applied with the <TEX>$90kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$</TEX> with rape residue. It was reduced to N rate from 31.6 to <TEX>$43.2kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$</TEX> in comparison to <TEX>$4.53Mg\;ha^{-1}$</TEX> of maximum yield in treatment added <TEX>$90kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$</TEX> with rape. Amylose content in rice was similar among treatments with/without rape residue, but protein content was lower in treatment with rape residue than in those without rape residue. In conclusion, input of rape residue in rice cultivation could be alternative to reduction of N fertilization and improvement of quality by adjusting rice productivity in paddy soil under cropping system.
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