Abstract
Reinforced concrete (RC) frames with an open ground floor and various infill distributions have been analyzed for seismic loadings by the finite element method. The infills have been modeled by diagonal struts. Focus is placed on the effects of infill distribution on various structural responses, including (i) the lateral deflection, (ii) the column axial forces, (iii) the column bending moments, (iv) the base shear, and (v) the natural period of the frame. The equivalent static force method (ESFM) and response spectrum method (RSM) for linear structures have been applied, and the results obtained have been compared. It was found that the structural responses do not change appreciably by the ESFM analysis for random infill distributions, while they increase noticeably in the RSM analysis. This manifests the inadequacy of using the ESFM for general purposes, for which modifications were proposed in this paper for the design of RC columns. As the natural period of the RC frame converges with the code equations only for higher amounts of infill, it is necessary to incorporate the amount and distribution of infill in the dynamic analysis of RC frames.
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