Effects of rAmb a 1-Loaded PLGA-PEG Nanoparticles in a Murine Model of Allergic Conjunctivitis.

Hui Cao,Ruyi Yuan,Ling Liu,Miao Gong,Jiahua Lu,Xiaojun Xiao,Xiaoyu Liu,Junyi Wang

doi:10.3390/molecules27030598

Abstract

Ambrosia artemisiifolia (Amb a) contains many allergens. Allergic conjunctivitis caused by Ambrosia artemisiifolia and its related allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) are seldom studied at present. poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide)-polyethylene glycol (PLGA-PEG) is a very good nano-carrier, which has been applied in the medical field. In this context, we studied the immunotherapy effect and potential mechanism of recombinant Amb a 1 (rAmb a 1)-loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles. A mouse allergic conjunctivitis model was established with Ambrosia artemisiifolia crude extract, and the nanoparticles were used for AIT through direct observation of conjunctival tissue, degranulation of mast cells in conjunctival tissue, serum-specific antibodies, cytokines and other assessment models. The treatment of nanoparticles enhanced the secretion of T-helper 1 (Th1) cytokine Interferon-gama (IFN-γ) and the production of immunoglobulin G (IgG)2a (IgG2a), inhibited the secretion of T-helper 2 (Th2) cytokine Interleukin (IL)-13 and IL-4 and the level of IgE. Especially, degranulation of mast cells and expression of mast cell protease-1 (MCP-1) in conjunctival tissue was reduced significantly. In this study, we proved that the nanoparticles prepared by rAmb a 1 and PLGA-PEG have an immunotherapy effect on allergic conjunctivitis in mice.

Highlights

Allergic conjunctivitis is one of the most common ocular allergic diseases; approximately 10% to 30% of the general population has ocular allergic symptoms [1]
The results showed the eye symptoms of mice in the allergic a 1) and allergic conjunctivitis + PLGA-PEG treatment group (AC + PLGA-PEG) groups conjunctivitis group (AC), allergic conjunctivitis + rAmb a 1 treatment group (AC + rAmb were more serious, and the score was higher than that in naive group (NG)
There was no significant difference in the degranulation rate of the mast cells in the conjunctival tissue between the naive group and the allergic conjunctivitis group (AC) + rAmb a 1-PLGA-PEG group (p > 0.05)

Summary

Introduction

Allergic conjunctivitis is one of the most common ocular allergic diseases; approximately 10% to 30% of the general population has ocular allergic symptoms [1]. The pathogenesis of allergic conjunctivitis is complex and can be divided into early response (EPR) and late response (LPR), and EPR is mainly an inflammatory reaction mediated by allergen-specific IgE [2]. The main symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis include conjunctival congestion, swelling, tears, photophobia, etc [5,6]. Pollen is one of the most common air allergens, which has seasonal and spatial differences and can induce allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma and allergic conjunctivitis [7,8]. Allergies to pollen are called hay fever, and studies have shown that at least 10% of the global population is allergic to pollen [8].

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Conclusion