Effects of Psidium Guajava Leaves Extract on the Viability of Echinococcus Granulosus Protoscolices in Vitro and in Vivo

Fadel Y S Al-Arabi,Vidya Pradhan,Aidah M Ali,Gozif Mohammed N Omar,Mansour Abdulnabi H Mehdi,Mohammed Mohsen,Mazahar Farooqui

doi:10.24996/ijs.2022.63.2.1

Abstract

Echinococcosis is a common parasitic disease in humans and ruminants; it is considered as a health and economic problem in most parts of the world. The present study aims to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo scolicidal effects of Psidium guajava extracts on the protoscolices from hydatid cysts of Echinococcus granulosus. Protoscolices were aseptically aspirated from the livers of naturally infected sheep. Various concentrations of the extract were used for 6-48hrs. Eosin staining (0.1%) was used to determine the viability of protoscolices. The findings showed that the extract at the concentrations of 100 mg/ml killed 100% protoscolices after 48 hrs. However, the concentrations of 75 and 50 mg/ml were not effective in killing the protoscolices after 48 hrs. of exposure. The results of this investigation demonstrated that P. guajava could be used as a natural source for the production of new scolicidal agents.

Highlights

Hydatid is a common parasitic disease in humans and ruminants; it is a health and economic problem in most parts of the world [1]
The results of this study were similar to the results obtained by Mustafa in terms of time. When he used aqueous extraction of Cyperus longous plant at concentration of 20% after passing 48 hours, the protoscolices were killed [29]. These results are similar to the result obtained by Al-Hasnawi et al, when they used the boiled broccoli extract at a concentration of 0.3 g/ml, as it led to the complete death of protoscolices of human origin after 168 hours of treatment [30]
The mortality rate of the protoscolices treated by P. guajava plant extracts can be attributed to its inclusion of active substances, such as alkaloids whose effect is a consequence of their reaction with the metabolic protein required for the vitality of the protoscolices

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Hydatid is a common parasitic disease in humans and ruminants; it is a health and economic problem in most parts of the world [1]. The importance of this study is that it shows both the in vitro and in vivo effects of the alcoholic and aqueous extracts of Psidium guajava leaves on the vitality of the protoscolices of Echinococcus granulosus of sheep origin. The concentration of 100 mg/ml of both aqueous and alcoholic extract showed its superiority in reducing the vitality of the protoscolices to zero at 48 hours compared with the control group, which was vital at 96.33% and 96%, respectively. The lowest rate of killing of protoscolices was at the concentration of 50 mg/ml at 6 hours, which reached 9.33 % and 8.33% uisng alcoholic and aqueous extracts, respectively, compared to the control group

Means of Time

Findings

DISCUSSION