Abstract
The authors have found a third process--unstable-mode welding (UMW) under a certain condition, besides already known stable deep penetration welding (DPW) and stable heat conduction welding (HCW) during high-power CO<SUB>2</SUB> laser welding. UMW has basic feature that the two welding modes (DPW and HCW) appear intermittently, with the penetration depth and weld width jumping between large and small grades. In this paper, the physical phenomena, especially the signal of plasma during welding and the weld-forming of three kinds of process have been investigated. Effects of welding parameters (focal position, laser power and travel speed) on laser welding mode and weld-forming have been comprehensively studied. Double-U curves of laser welding mode transition have been obtained, which indicate the parameter ranges of the three monitored welding process.
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