Abstract
ObjectiveThe purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of probiotics on type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsWe performed a comprehensive search on PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Scientific Journal Databases, Wan Fang database and China biology medicine disc for relevant studies published before June 2019. Glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were used as indicators for T2DM. Inverse-variance weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for the mean HbA1c, FBG and HOMA-IR changes from baseline.Results15 randomized controlled trials (RCT) with a total of 902 participants were included into the meta-analysis. Considering the clinical heterogeneity caused by variation of dosage and duration of probiotic treatment, random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled WMD. Significantly greater reduction in HbA1c% (WMD = − 0.24, 95% CI [− 0.44, − 0.04], p = 0.02), FBG (WMD = − 0.44 mmol/L, 95% CI [− 0.74, − 0.15], p = 0.003) and HOMA-IR (WMD = − 1.07, 95% CI [− 1.58, − 0.56], p < 0.00001) were observed in probiotics treated group. Further sensitivity analysis verified the reliability and stability of our results.ConclusionThe results of our meta-analysis indicated that probiotics treatment may reduce HbA1c, FBG and insulin resistance level in T2DM patients. More clinical data and research into the mechanism of probiotics are needed to clarify the role of probiotics in T2DM.
Highlights
Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent metabolic disease that have attracted wide attention because of its increasing incidence and multiple complications
The duration of treatment ranged from 6 to 12 weeks. 6 trials reported the change from baseline for hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG) or homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-Insulin resistance (IR)) directly
The results showed that probiotics may reduce HbA1c, FBG, and HOMA-IR levels from baseline
Summary
Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent metabolic disease that have attracted wide attention because of its increasing incidence and multiple complications. The pathogenesis of T2DM is complicated and remains largely known. T2DM is considered to be a chronic inflammation [6]. Insulin resistance (IR) caused by inflammation is a characteristic feature of most patients with T2DM. T2DM is believed to be caused by a series of multiple risk factors such as genetic liability, Tao et al J Transl Med (2020) 18:30 age, overweight or obesity, and an unhealthy lifestyle. Accumulated evidence suggests that the risk of developing T2DM may involve factors from the gut microbiota. T2DM patients had a moderate degree of gut microbial dysbiosis, and the decrease of intestinal Roseburia and F. prausnitzii was detected in their stool samples [7]. As well taking the gastrointestinal symptoms of T2DM into consideration, gut microbiota is suspected to involve in the pathogenesis of T2DM
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