Effects of Probiotics on Growth, Survival, Water Quality and Disease Resistance of Red Hybrid Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) Fingerlings in a Biofloc System.

Aimi Zabidi,Fatimah Md Yusoff,Nurul Amin,Puvaneswari Puvanasundram,Murni Marlina Abd Karim,Nur Jasmin Mohd Yaminudin

doi:10.3390/ani11123514

Aimi Zabidi, Fatimah Md Yusoff + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11123514

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Abstract

Simple SummaryStreptococcosis, a warm-water pathogenic bacteria, has greatly affected red hybrid tilapia production in Malaysia over the years, causing mass mortality in various culture systems. Probiotics have been used to treat and prevent bacterial diseases, including streptococcosis, yet they require constant application to ensure that their concentration is adequate. Incorporating probiotics in a biofloc system may reduce this issue as the effective microorganism may further flourish and be utilized by the fish. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the influence of probiotic addition on the growth performance and water quality of red hybrid tilapia. From the study, it was observed that a probiotic mix was able to inhibit Streptococcus spp., improve red hybrid tilapia performance and disease resistance against streptococcosis. Providing a beneficial mix of probiotics can effectively improve biofloc culture in red hybrid tilapia culture.Biofloc technology has shown positive effects in aquaculture, especially on the growth performance of cultured animals. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of adding different probiotic strains in a biofloc system on the growth performance and disease resistance of red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis spp.). Three different probiotics (Lysinibacillus fusiformis SPS11, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens L9, and Enterococcus hirae LAB3), commercial probiotics (MG1) and a mixed probiotics (MP) combining all three strains were used in this study. The in vitro assay results showed that the mixed probiotic (MP) was able to inhibit the growth of Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus iniae significantly compared to the single and commercial probiotic. The efficacy of MP was further tested in in vivo tilapia culture challenged with S. agalactiae. The best specific growth rate (3.73 ± 0.23% day−1) and feed conversion ratio (0.76 ± 0.04) were recorded in the group of biofloc with addition of MP. After being challenged with S. agalactiae, the group of biofloc with MP had significantly higher survival (83 ± 1.43%) compared to the other groups. Furthermore, the nitrogen concentration (NO2-N and NH4-N) was significantly lower in all the biofloc groups compared to the control. Hence, the addition of probiotics was able to provide beneficial effects to red hybrid tilapia culture in the biofloc system.

Highlights

IntroductionOreochromis sp., is a highly resistant species that can adapt to a wide range of environmental conditions; little environmental modification, with a low-technology creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/)
The current study showed that red hybrid tilapia fingerlings cultured in biofloc groups with mixed probiotics (S4) demonstrated the highest survival, recorded at 83 ± 1.43%, showing higher resistance against S. agalactiae infection when compared to S1, with only a 40 ± 0.34% survival rate
In the in vivo assay, the results indicated the ability of this mix to improve the growth performance of red hybrid tilapia

Summary

Introduction

Oreochromis sp., is a highly resistant species that can adapt to a wide range of environmental conditions; little environmental modification, with a low-technology creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/). Tilapia has a high economical yield and has been cultured intensively throughout Asia, with China having the highest production, of roughly. In 2019, Malaysia produced up to 31, 884 metric tonnes of red hybrid tilapia, which contributed to 30% of Malaysia’s total aquaculture production [3]. Tilapia is considered more resistant to bacterial, parasitic, fungal, and viral diseases compared to other species of cultured fish. Due to intensive culture practices, tilapia is becoming more susceptible to various diseases, mainly streptococcal infection caused by Streptococcus sp. Is known to cause the most significant bacterial diseases in Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus causing mass mortality and major economic losses [6] Streptococcus sp. is known to cause the most significant bacterial diseases in Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus causing mass mortality and major economic losses [6]

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