Abstract
Due to the global pandemic, behavioral sciences including psychology that have traditionally relied on face-to-face data collection methods are facing a crisis. Given these circumstances, the present study was designed as a web-based replication of the findings reported in Lee et al. (2019) on the relationship between print exposure measured by the Korean Author Recognition Test (KART) and online measures of word processing using the lexical decision task and offline measures of language ability. We used the PsychoPy3 and Pavlovia platform in which participants were presented with a series of tasks in an entirely web-based environment. We found that scores on the KART were correlated with scores on a measure of language skills as well as self-reported reading habits. In addition, KART scores modulated the word frequency effect in the lexical decision task such that participants with higher KART scores tended to have smaller frequency effects. These results were highly consistent with previous lab-based studies including Lee et al. indicating that web-based experimental procedures are a viable alternative to lab-based face-to-face experiments.
Highlights
Author Recognition Test as a Measure of Print ExposureA large body of research has demonstrated that an individual’s degree of exposure to printed language is closely related to a wide variety of language outcome measures
Results of the lexical decision task (LDT) accuracy data revealed a main effect of Korean Author Recognition Test (KART) scores (ES = 0.50, SE = 0.11, z = 4.32, p < 0.001), indicating that higher KART scores were associated with higher LDT accuracy
The analysis revealed a main effect of word frequency (ES = 0.54, SE = 0.066, z = 8.23, p < 0.001), indicating that higher word frequency was associated with higher LDT accuracy
Summary
Author Recognition Test as a Measure of Print ExposureA large body of research has demonstrated that an individual’s degree of exposure to printed language is closely related to a wide variety of language outcome measures. Beneficial effects of print exposure have been well-documented among adult readers, showing associations with verbal fluency, The Korean Author Recognition Test vocabulary knowledge, and spelling knowledge (Stanovich and Cunningham, 1992), and with general knowledge (Stanovich and Cunningham, 1993) Researchers have explained these findings in cyclical terms such that more time spent reading (or being read to at a young age) can increase an individual’s language skills, which can lead to the individual being more likely to accept the reading activity itself as enjoyable, which leads to more time spent reading, which in turn can continue to improve the individual’s language skills (West et al, 1993; Mol and Bus, 2011). Print exposure has been noted as both a cause and an effect of language ability, which makes it a interesting variable for research examining individual differences in language ability
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