Abstract
Solid sago waste is a potential source of producing renewable energy in the form of biogas. This study investigated the effects of solid sago waste particle size, biological pretreatment using a microbial consortium of lignocelluloses, pretreatment with NaOH, and the ratio between solid sago waste and cow rumen based on the biogas production rate. Several variations of these conditions were used to achieve this. The anaerobic digestion process was conducted over two months at 30.42 °C ± 0.05 °C, and the biogas production rate was measured every two days. The 1:1 ratio showed better results compared to the 2:1, because it allows the bacteria to achieve metabolic balance. The highest cumulative biogas production (27.91 mL/g TS) was generated when the sago waste underwent milling (±1 mm), pretreatment with 4% NaOH g/g TS, and treatment with microbial consortium 5% v/v at a 1:1 ratio of solid sago waste to the rumen.
Highlights
Renewable energy sources, e.g., biogas, are alternatives to fossil fuels and are used to overcome the energy crisis [1,2]
Biogas can be obtained from various organic wastes, such as animal wastes, various byproducts from human activities, and plants, through anaerobic digestion in which the microorganisms degrade the organic matter in four main steps hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis, and methanogenesis
Pretreatment can increase biogas productivity by removing lignin and hemicellulose, which are difficult for microorganisms to digest
Summary
E.g., biogas, are alternatives to fossil fuels and are used to overcome the energy crisis [1,2]. Biogas can be used to produce heat and electricity or as a fuel for transportation after being subjected to a special treatment such as the process of removing impurities and the process of increasing heating value, causing high-quality biomethane and resulting in a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and other pollutants and reducing the dependence on fossil fuels [1,5,6]. Co-digestion of different types of biomasses, such as cattle dung with solid sago waste, offers great potential to increase the volume of biogas. Pretreatment can increase biogas productivity by removing lignin and hemicellulose, which are difficult for microorganisms to digest. Several types of pretreatments, including physical; chemical; and biological pretreatments, can be used in biogas production [8]. Chemical pretreatments include alkali [10]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
