Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of preoperative simple chemotherapy and combined intervention of radiotherapy and chemotherapy on anus-preserving rate and immune function in patients with low rectal cancer. Methods Fifty-nine patients who were diagnosed with low rectal cancer and underwent elective operation of low rectal cancer between June 2012 and June 2015 were randomly divided into the observation group (35 cases) and control group (24 cases). The observation group was given combined intervention of radiotherapy and chemotherapy before operation, while the control group was merely given chemotherapy intervention alone. Both of the two groups were treated with operation for low rectal cancer. During operation, the operation time, intraoperative blood loss and anal exhaust time were compared between the two groups. After operation, the anus-preserving rate, immune function indexes, including CD3+ , CD4+ , CD8+ and CD4+ /CD8+ , the incidence of complications and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in the operation time or intraoperative blood loss between the two groups (P>0.05). The anal exhaust time [(2.44±0.55) d] of the observation group was significantly shorter than that of the control group (P 0.05). After operation, CD3+ , CD4+ , CD8+ and CD4+ /CD8+ in the observation group [(38.04±5.49)%, (21.72±4.94)%, (24.68±4.20)%, 1.51±0.19] were significantly higher than those in the control group (P 0.05). Conclusions Preoperative radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy intervention will not affect the basic situation of operation. It has positive effects on anal exhaust time. It can improve the immune function of patients and anus-preserving rate, and reduce the occurrence of complications. It will not increase the adverse reactions. Key words: Operation for low rectal cancer; Preoperative chemotherapy; Preoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy; Anus-preserving rate; Immune function
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