Abstract
Titanium and titanium alloys have excellent corrosion and heat resistance, but weak electric and thermal conductivity. The weak conductivity of titanium can be overcome by cladding with copper, which has high conductivity. Although titanium is expensive, it is selected as a material suitable for applications requiring corrosion resistance such as in heat exchangers. This study was to investigate the effect of post heat treatment on the mechanical properties of the Ti/Cu cold-rolled clad plate by using the interfacial diffusion bonding. A titanium clad by cold rolling should be heat-treated after the rolling process to improve the bonding properties through the diffusion of metals and removal of residual stress due to work hardening, despite the easy formation of intermetallic compounds of Ti and Cu. As a result post-treatment, the elongation was improved by more than two times from 21% to max. 53% by the Ti-Cu interface diffusion phenomenon and the average tensile strength of the 450 °C heat-treated specimens was 353 MPa. By securing high elongation while maintaining excellent tensile and yield strength through post-treatment, the formability of Ti-Cu clad plate can be greatly improved.
Highlights
There is a steady increase in the need for materials with improved functions and mechanical properties
A clad composite can have different mechanical properties according to the bonded material and the phase formed at the interface by diffusion through heat treatment
The mechanical properties of a two-ply titanium–copper clad and the diffusion layer at the bonding interface were analyzed to investigate the effects of post heat treatment, and the following conclusions were drawn: 1
Summary
There is a steady increase in the need for materials with improved functions and mechanical properties. When it is difficult to use a single metal in order to reduce costs and achieve complex properties, two or more metals may be welded to form a composite material. The commonly used clad composites include Ti/Cu, Ti/Cu/Ti, and Ti/Al/STS [1,2,3]. The advantage of the clad composite is that superior properties can be achieved through the combination of the excellent properties of different metals. Titanium exhibits high strength and good corrosion resistance, while copper exhibits high heat and electrical conductivity. The titanium clad formed by combining them is a high value-added composite sheet that can be used in heat exchangers, electrode materials, etc., which require high conductivity under severe corrosive environments [4,5,6]
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