Abstract
An inexpensive and compact frequency multi-mode diode laser enables a compact two-photon polarization entanglement source via the continuous wave broadband pumped spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) process. Entanglement degradation caused by polarization mode dispersion (PMD) is one of the critical issues in optical fiber-based polarization entanglement distribution. We theoretically and experimentally investigate how the initial entanglement is degraded when the two-photon polarization entangled state undergoes PMD. We report an effect of PMD unique to broadband pumped SPDC, equally applicable to pulsed pumping as well as cw broadband pumping, which is that the amount of the entanglement degradation is asymmetrical to the PMD introduced to each quantum channel. We believe that our results have important applications in long-distance distribution of polarization entanglement via optical fiber channels.
Highlights
An inexpensive and compact frequency multi-mode diode laser enables a compact two-photon polarization entanglement source via the continuous wave broadband pumped spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) process
We experimentally demonstrate that the polarization entanglement from the broadband continuous wave (CW) pumped SPDC experiences unreported polarization mode dispersion (PMD) effects in that the amount of the entanglement degradation is asymmetrical to the PMD introduced to each quantum channel
We have considered a realistic quantum communication scenario in which the initial two-photon polarization entangled states are distributed through optical fiber channels
Summary
An inexpensive and compact frequency multi-mode diode laser enables a compact two-photon polarization entanglement source via the continuous wave broadband pumped spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) process. Even though photonic polarization states are robust under most environmental conditions including free-space communication, they suffer from polarization mode dispersion (PMD) caused by the birefringence of media, when they propagate through optical fibers[17]. This effect results in decoherence, or degradation of entanglement[18] during the distribution and storage of photons using optical fibers. A theoretical study about PMD effect when the polarization entangled photons are distributed through optical fibers was reported in ref
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