Abstract
To reveal the effects of ploidy level and haplotype on photosynthetic traits, we chose 175 genotypes of wild strawberries belonging to two haplotypes at two types of ploidy levels (diploidy and tetraploidy) and measured photosynthetic traits. Our results revealed that ploidy significantly affected the characteristics of light-response curves, CO2-response curves, and leaf gas exchange parameters, except intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci). Tetraploid species had a lower light saturation point (LSP) and CO2 saturation point (CSP), higher light compensation point (LCP), dark respiration (Rd), and CO2 compensation point (CCP) than diploid species. Furthermore, tetraploid species have lower photosynthetic capacity than diploid species, including net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductivity (Gs), and transpiration rate (Tr). In addition, haplotype had a significant effect on LSP, CSP, Tr, and Ci as well as a significant interactive effect between ploidy and haplotype on the maximal photosynethic rate of the light-response curve and Rd. Most of the variance existed within haplotypes among individuals. These results suggest that polyploidization was the main driver for the evolution of photosynthesis with increasing ploidy level (i.e. from diploidy to tetraploidy in Fragaria species), while the origin of a chromosome could also affect the photosynthetic traits and the polyploidization effect on photosynthetic traits.
Highlights
Polyploidy is a prevalent biological phenomenon of the chromosomal evolution of extant species and genera, including major crop plants such as rice, maize, wheat, soybean, and cotton [1, 2]
Our results revealed that ploidy had significant effects on the characteristics of light-response curves, CO2-response curves, and leaf gas exchange parameters, with the exception of the intercellular CO2 concentration
These results suggest polyploidization might play an important role in the evolution of photosynthesis of Fragaria species with increasing ploidy level, i.e. from diploid to tetraploid Fragaria species
Summary
Polyploidy is a prevalent biological phenomenon of the chromosomal evolution of extant species and genera, including major crop plants such as rice, maize, wheat, soybean, and cotton [1, 2]. Most of the previously published ecological studies focused on the effects of different cytotypes on plants traits, i.e. the number of chromosomes [9, 10]. Among these studies, advantages and disadvantages of allopolyploids as well as autoployploids have often been compared [9,10,11]. The photosynthetic rate is sensitive to the ploidy level, which correlates with the amount of DNA per cell [15, 16] and has been well documented in numerous species [17, 18]. To our knowledge, no other study focused on how haplotypes affect the effect of polyploidization on phenotypic traits and their interactive effect
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