Effects of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Cellular Populations of the Central Nervous System: The Influence of Donor Age.

Ane Miren Bilbao,Estibaliz Capetillo-Zarate,Maider López De Jesús,Jone Zuazo-Ibarra,Pello Sánchez,Imanol González-Burguera,Mikel Sánchez,María Domercq,Gontzal García del Caño,Maider Beitia,Carlos Matute,Amaia Isasti,Joan Sallés,Ane Garate,Alejandro Montilla,Diego Delgado

doi:10.3390/ijms22041725

Abstract

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a biologic therapy that promotes healing responses across multiple medical fields, including the central nervous system (CNS). The efficacy of this therapy depends on several factors such as the donor’s health status and age. This work aims to prove the effect of PRP on cellular models of the CNS, considering the differences between PRP from young and elderly donors. Two different PRP pools were prepared from donors 65–85 and 20–25 years old. The cellular and molecular composition of both PRPs were analyzed. Subsequently, the cellular response was evaluated in CNS in vitro models, studying proliferation, neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and inflammation. While no differences in the cellular composition of PRPs were found, the molecular composition of the Young PRP showed lower levels of inflammatory molecules such as CCL-11, as well as the presence of other factors not found in Aged PRP (GDF-11). Although both PRPs had effects in terms of reducing neural progenitor cell apoptosis, stabilizing neuronal synapses, and decreasing inflammation in the microglia, the effect of the Young PRP was more pronounced. In conclusion, the molecular composition of the PRP, conditioned by the age of the donors, affects the magnitude of the biological response.

Highlights

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a biologic therapy that uses patients’ own blood to obtain products with a higher platelet concentration than in circulation levels
The findings in this work showed differences between the PRP from young donors and aged donors on different biological processes involved in the central nervous system (CNS)
The plasma obtained from each patient was activated by adding CaCl2 (10% wt/vol), and the supernatant obtained after each plasma coagulation was mixed to get both Aged PRP and Young PRP

Summary

Introduction

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a biologic therapy that uses patients’ own blood to obtain products with a higher platelet concentration than in circulation levels. There are several methods to obtain PRP products, all of them have in common a biological basis, which relies on the release of therapeutic molecules stored mon a biological basis, which relies on the release of therapeutic molecules stored in platelets [1]. These growth factors, together with other plasmatic biomolecules, have been found to promote natural healing responses across multiple medical fields such as dentis of 19 try, dermatology, gynecology, urology, sports medicine, and orthopedics, including peripheral nerves [2], and there has been increasing interest in the central nervous system (CNS) [3]. PRP products as neuroprotective, neurogenic, and neuroinflamdentistry, dermatology, gynecology, urology, sportsfactors medicine, and orthopedics, including have matory modulators [4,5,6,7,8].

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