Effects of Plasma Rich in Growth Factors on Bone Formation in Rat Calvaria

Abstract

Plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) had been used in regenerative therapy such as soft tissue and newly bone formation. However, there has been little basic research into the efficacy of PRGF in bone regeneration. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy for new bone formation by transplantation of PRGF onto rat calvaria. The osteogenic potential was evaluated by histologic findings, immunohistochemistry and bone formation analyzed with micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). PRGF was prepared by centrifugation of rat whole blood (WB), and then was activated using 10% calcium chloride solution. The activated PRGF transplanted within a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tube was transplanted onto calvarial bone of rats. Histological observation demonstrated that PRGF group showed newly formed bone in a wide range. Immunohistochemistry showed Runx2, Osterix, Bone Alkaline Phosphatase (BAP) and Osteocalcin expressed in PRGF group during the early stage of bone formation. Micro-CT showed that PRGF group promoted an increase in bone volume which compared to control group. We concluded that PRGF has more capacity for bone regeneration, and PRGF may be useful in bone regeneration treatment.