Abstract
SummaryTwo tree shapes, the slender spindle and the North-Holland spindle, were studied in four planting systems (single row, three-row bed, six-row bed, and full-field) at high plant densities. Additional summer pruning was applied to half of the trees in each system. The trial was performed with apple cv. Red Boskoop on a soil type characterized by moderate growth vigour. The trunks of the North-Holland spindle grew less than those of the slender spindle. Plant density and pruning intensity were negatively correlated with trunk-basal area increment. The North-Holland spindle, which had nearly 500 more trees per ha, yielded as much as the slender spindle. For a given density the North-Holland spindle yielded less than the slender spindle. Yield efficiency, expressed as cumulative yield per unit of final trunk-basal area, was also lower for the North-Holland spindle. However, per unit of crown volume, this spindle type produced considerably better. The additional summer pruning did not affect yield or yie...
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