Abstract
The depth of sowing is important in maximizing the potential of seedling emergence and crop growth. Too shallow sowing results in poor germination due to inadequate soil moisture at the top soil layer. On the other hand, deep sowing can also significantly reduce crop emergence and growth. It would create the emergence seedling had less performance and productive which means when it is too deep is not able lift its cotyledon above the soil, soil born diseases and insects have damage their seedling. These factors limit the crop yield potential right from the starting of the growing. An important objective of seeding for improved crop performance is putting seeds at a desired depth. Seeds should be sown at a depth that increases the likelihood of germination, emergence and improved growth. Thus, this study examined the effect of different sowing depths on germination and growth faba bean (Gorra variety) at Fitche, central Ethiopia. A randomized complete block design arrangement with three replications was used for the experiment. The treatments consisted of 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 cm sowing depths. Analysis of variance showed significant effect of depth of sowing on Gorra faba bean variety germination and growth. Sowing at a depth of 8 cm showed better germination percentage, fast emergence and produced the tallest plant having the highest number of leaves per plant. 12 cm sowing depth (i.e. the deepest sowing depth) showed poor germination percentage (65.7%), late emergence (7 days) and gave the shortest plant (13.53 cm) with the lowest number of leaves per plant (21). Therefore, better germination, emergence and improved growth, Gorra faba bean variety should be sown at a depth of 8 cm.
Highlights
IntroductionIt is assigned to the Central Asian, Mediterranean, and South American centers of diversity and believed to be a native to North Africa and southwest Asia, and extensively cultivated elsewhere [32]
Faba bean (Vicia faba L., 2n = 12), is a legume member belonging to the family of Fabaceae. [14, 13]
Emergency (7 days) was recorded from seeds sown on plots which receive treatments with low sowing depth (4 and 6 cm) while the longest day of 50% emergency (12.5 days) was obtained from treatment five sown at 12 cm depth (Table 3)
Summary
It is assigned to the Central Asian, Mediterranean, and South American centers of diversity and believed to be a native to North Africa and southwest Asia, and extensively cultivated elsewhere [32]. [7] postulated a Near Eastern center of origin, with four extents to Europe along the North African coast to Spain, along the Nile to Ethiopia, and from Mesopotamia to India. Secondary centers of diversity are postulated in Afghanistan and Ethiopia. Field beans are plants which are widely used all around the world. It is the third most important leguminous plant after soybeans (Glycine max L.) and peas (Pisum sativum L.) [26]
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