Effects of Planting Density on Growth and Yield Attributes of Rubber Trees (Hevea brasiliensis)

Abstract

This study aimed to identify rubber clones, suitable for rubber-timber production. An experiment was established in randomized complete block design to evaluate the effects of two different planting densities on girth, girth increment, bark thickness, latex yield per tapping per tree (g/t/t), incident of tapping panel dryness disease, and wood potential of nine rubber clones, including RRIV 2, RRIV 3, RRIV 4, RRIV 5, RRIV 107, PB 235, PB 260, PB 330, and RRIC 121. Data of girth, girth increment, bark thickness were collected in the 7th year, prior to opening for tapping, and 17th year of planting. In contrast, data of latex yield were collected in the 3rd and the 11th tapping year, and wood potential was compared based on the data collected in the 11th tapping year. As a result, there were no significant interactions between clones and planting density in girth growth, latex yield, tapping panel dryness and bark thickness, and the first tapping panel (BO-1). There were no significant interactions between clone and planting density on girth growth, latex yield, tapping panel dryness, and bark thickness when these clones were tapped on the first tapping panel (BO- 1). Meanwhile, there were significant interactions between clones and planting density on girth growth, girth increment, and latex yield when the trees were tapped on the second tapping panel (BO-2). Statistical comparison of mean diameters at breast height and bole volume per tree of the same clones at two different planting densities showed that most of the studied clones gave significant differences. However, no significant differences resulted in the statistical comparison of the mean bole height of the same clones at two different planting densities. The total bole volume per hectare of all studied clones was larger at high planting density than at normal planting density. However, the bole volume per tree at high planting density was smaller than that at normal planting density. Clone RRIC 121 could be considered a suitable clone for latex and timber productions. The favorable planting density for commercial timber production is high.