Effects of plant growth regulators on the response in immature wheat embryo culture.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 2, 4-D, 6-furfurylamino purine (kinetin), and abscisic acid (ABA) on the response of cultured immature wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) embryos, by evaluating direct germination, callus growth, shoot regeneration and its development.The reduction of 2, 4-D concentration or the addition of kinetin to callus induction media promoted direct germination of cultured embryos, whereas the addition of ABA suppressed it extremely. Callus growth was promoted by reducing 2, 4-D concentration or by adding ABA at lower concentrations, though these alterations did not affect the frequency of callus formation. Concentrations of 2, 4-D in callus induction media did not affect the frequency of subsequent shoot regeneration from calli; however, the regenerated shoots developed rapidly when calli were induced at lower 2, 4-D. The addition of kinetin or ABA significantly improved the shoot-forming ability of callus cultures, especially in less responsive cultivars.