Abstract
Maize plant response to plant density is an essential agrotechnical factor used for determining grain yield. Three plant densities (60,000 ha-1, 72,500 ha-1, and 85,000 ha-1) were used in this study to ascertain the effect of photosynthetic parameters and grain yield. Results show a significant difference in the photosynthetic parameters (SPAD, NDVI, LAI) and plant height for plant density of 85,000 ha-1. Grain yield and stem diameter were not significantly affected between the different plant densities.
Highlights
Maize (Zea mays L) is one of the most important cereal crops in the world
The Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) which measures the chlorophyll content of plant leaves in the field was significantly affected by plant density
Higher plant density of maize increases the vegetative growth resulting in a higher number of leaves and more intense leaf extension per plant which leads to interception of lights rays on the plants to facilitate photosynthetic activities
Summary
Maize (Zea mays L) is one of the most important cereal crops in the world. It is a major grain cereal crop that has many uses for human beings and for industrial uses. Maize is the second largest arable crop in the world regarding its production area (177,379,507 ha plus 1,125,916 ha green maize). Maize plant density is an essential crop factor in production that can greatly affect plant growth and grain yield. The task of maize crop producers is to find an optimum plant density where the negative effect of plant competition will significantly decrease, resulting in optimum grain yield. The maize plant morphological parameters such as leaf area, plant height and stalk diameters were well expressed as a result of the effects of plant density and the differences between maize hybrids (Berzsenyi and Lap, 2006)
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