Effects of Physiologic Concentration of Estrogen on Ischemia/Reperfusion-induced Apoptosis in Rat Myocardium

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Background:Ischemia/reperfusion injury is very important issue in the era of thrombolysis and primary coro- nary angioplasty in acute myocardial infarction. However, the mechanism of ischemia-reperfusion injury is not fully clarified. Estrogen is well known to have protective actions against ischemic heart disease. We tested hypothesis that estrogen may protect myocardium by reducing ischemia/reperfusion-induced apoptosis. Methods:Sprague-Dawley rats that underwent ovariectomy, female controls, and male rats were subjected to 45minutes of left coronary artery occlusion followed by 4 or 24hours of reperfusion. Coronary artery occlusion was performed 1 week after ovariectomy or sham operation. And sham operation was also performed in each group to confirm the effects of ischemia/reperfusion. Results:Ischemia/reperfusion induced apoptosis in myo- cardium, especially at border zone, whereas sham operation did not induce apoptosis. After 4 hours of reperfus- ion the percentages of apoptotic myocytes in border and center zone of reperfused area were 35.7±3.7%, 29.0 ±4.2% in ovariectomized rats (n=3, 40.8±3.7%, 29.5±2.5% in female control rats (n=3, and 39.0±1.6% (p =0.10, 32.4±1.6% (p=0.43 in male rats (n=3. After 24hours of reperfusion the percentages in border and center zone of reperfused area were 20.6±3.1%, 12.9±4.8% in ovariectomized rats (n=3), 19.6±4.1%, 14.0±2.0% in female control rat (n=3, and 21.4±6.6% (p=0.93), 15.1±2.4% (p=0.85in male rats (n=