Abstract
The understanding of the phosphorus-induced changes in the biochemical composition of microalgae is of great importance for achieving efficiency in high-value lipid production. To study the chemoplasticity of Pavlova pinguis (Haptophyceae) and Hemiselmis cf. andersenii (Cryptophyceae), their growth, carotenoid and chlorophyll a content, and their monosaccharide and lipid profiles were analyzed against several phosphorus (P) regimes: low (LP), medium (MP), and high (HP). For both microalgal cultures, increasing initial P concentrations showed a positive effect on biomass productivities. Carbon-rich pools presented significant differences (p< 0.05) for P. pinguis against P treatments, in contrast to H. cf. andersenii. Differential responses to P-induced changes in microalgae monosaccharide and lipid profile were observed. Hemiselmis cf. andersenii increased its proportion in galactose (up to 3 times) from LP to HP conditions, whereas P. pinguis decreased (up to 20%) its glucose proportion from LP to HP conditions. For P. pinguis, the lowest amount (13.12 mg g−1 dw) of sterols was observed at LP conditions, in contrast to its carotenoid content (4.32 mg g−1 dw). P-replete conditions were the most effective in inducing high-value lipid accumulation. Non-targeted lipid analysis revealed which samples would need to be processed to fully exploit its high-value lipids, namely H. cf andersenii under MP and HP conditions. This study demonstrated that P played an important role in carbon allocation, nitrogen uptake, and lipid regulation on P. pinguis and H. cf. andersenii, and that P-replete conditions could be useful for optimizing high-value lipids with potential for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical fields.
Highlights
Increasing concerns regarding consumer safety, environmental sustainability, and regulatory issues over synthetic materials have turned consumers’ attention to natural products (Vieira et al 2020)
Since this occurs in H. cf. andersenii cultures with a reduced initial phosphorus concentration, these results suggest that phosphorus was the limiting nutrient at these conditions, instead of nitrogen
Loading’s descriptions can be seen in Tables 1 and 2 data, along with lipid/monosaccharide ratio, indicates that P. pinguis responded to low phosphorus conditions by synthesizing a β-1,3-glucan, while H. cf. andersenii seemed to divert its carbon to lipid production regardless of the treatment applied
Summary
Increasing concerns regarding consumer safety, environmental sustainability, and regulatory issues over synthetic materials have turned consumers’ attention to natural products (Vieira et al 2020). Microalgae are often presented as promising sustainable cell factories for their ability to convert atmospheric carbon dioxide, water, inorganic nutrients, and sunlight to high-value compounds (Fu et al 2016). These organisms are primary producers of essential nutrients that. Phosphorus (P) plays a significant role in algal growth and cell division due to its role as an essential component of nucleic acids, phospholipids, and phosphorylated sugars (Roopnarain et al 2014). P is involved in metabolic processes like signal transduction, photosynthesis, and energy transfer (in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) (Roopnarain et al 2014; Yaakob et al 2021). Microalgal P requirements are known to vary considerably between species ranging from 0.001 to
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