Abstract
Background: In recent years, it is confirmed that human gut microbiota is critical for human health. Animal studies suggest that air pollutants may alter the composition of the gut microbiota, which may negatively impact health through changes in the composition or function of the gut microbiome.However, Research on the effects of personal exposure to fine particulate matter on gut microbiota is lacking in developing countries, especially in highly polluted areas.Methods:Participants (60-69 years, n=76) were enrolled between Sep 10th 2018 and Jan 19th 2019 with a month interval.MicroPEMTM real-time personal measurements was used to monitor the subject's personal PM2.5 exposure. Faecal samples from 76 healthy elderly were sequenced using 16S rDNA amplification to assess microbial diversity, richness and relative taxa abundance. Operational Units were clustered with 97% similarity cutoff and chimeric sequences were identified and removed. A linear mixed-effect model was applied to estimate the associations of exposure to Fine Particulate Matter with alpha diversity indices and relative abundance of the gut microbiota. Results:A total of 516 genus level microbiota were identified in this study.The five most abundant bacteria in the fecal flora of the participants were Bacteroides, Prevotella, Pachyphyte, Faecalibacterium and Roseburia.Exposure to fine particulate matter was associated with the alterations in gut microbiota diversity and relative abundance of 20 genus level microbiota. By analyzing the abundance composition of the KEGG pathway of the intestinal flora of the Participants,the pathways enriched by the intestinal flora mainly include transport, DNA repair and recombinant proteins, ribosomes, and purine metabolism. Involves environmental information processing, genetic information processing, and metabolic mechanisms.Conclusions: Exposure to fine particulate matter may alter the relative abundance, and decrease the diversity of the gut microbiota.These findings can extend our understanding of the mechanism of air pollution inducing diseases.
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