Effects of peri- and postnatal lead administration on learning of high avoider rats

Abstract

Effects of administration of lead acetate on Sidman avoidance behavior were assessed in juvenile and adult rats which were obtained by continued selective breeding and which have a high level avoidance ability and small individual differences (THA rat: Tokai high avoider rat). THA rats were administered lead acetate solution at 200-300 mg/kg/day as Pb until 7 wk of age through maternal milk before weaning from mothers which had been administered lead acetate from the 13th day of gestation and per os by gastric tube after weaning. Three series of Sidman avoidance behavior tests were conducted from 49th, 100th and 150th day after birth each for 10 d, 1 h every day. In the first series, a significant delay of shock avoidance acquisition was observed in lead-administered male rats compared with the control subjects, while no acquisition delay was seen in female rats. The lead administered male rats could be divided into two groups with different response patterns; a low susceptible group (LSG) which exhibited as good acquisition rate from the beginning similar to the control rats and a high susceptible group (HSG) which showed a significant delay and individual differences. In the 2nd test series, very high avoidance rates were obtained in all the test groups except in male HSG, but in the 3rd test series, male HSG also attained a final acquisition of high avoidance rate. There was no developmental variation between the groups nor difference in lead contents of the organs of the exposed group. Useful characteristics of THA rats for behavioral toxicology are discussed.