Effects of Palatinose and Sucrose Intake on Glucose Metabolism and Incretin Secretion in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes.

Abstract

Excessive sugar intake is associated with higher risk of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D) (1). Recently, we reported that Palatinose (isomaltulose), a 1,6-linked glucose-fructose dimer that is completely digested and absorbed in the small intestine (2), improved glucose homeostasis and prevented fatty liver compared with 1,2-linked sucrose. Palatinose intake reduced postprandial glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and insulin release in mice (3). Postprandial insulin secretion and glycemic excursions are regulated by the stimulation of incretin hormones. These intestinal peptides are glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and GIP (4). We compared the effects of sucrose versus Palatinose intake on glucose metabolism, insulin and glucagon secretions, and endogenous responses of incretins in T2D participants. In a randomized within-subject crossover study with ≥7 days washout period, 10 overnight-fasted T2D subjects (2 women and 8 men, aged 61 ± 4.6 years, BMI 32.1 ± 4.06 kg/m2) received 50 g of Palatinose (BENEO GmbH, Mannheim, Germany) or sucrose (Sudzucker, Mannheim, Germany) dissolved in 300 mL of tap …