Abstract
We study the time evolution of a complex scalar field in the symmetry broken phase in the presence of oscillating spacetime metric background. In our (2+1)-dimensional simulations, we show that the spacetime oscillations can excite an initial field configuration, which ultimately leads to the formation of topological vortices in the system. At late times, field configuration achieves a disordered state. A detailed study of the momentum and frequency modes of the field reveals that these field excitations are driven by the phenomenon of parametric resonance. In extremely high frequency regime where frequency of spacetime oscillations is much larger than the field-mass, the formed vortices are not topological in nature. Interestingly in this regime, for a suitable choice of parameters of the simulation, we observe a persistent lattice structure of vortex-antivortex pairs. We discuss applications of our study to the dynamics of interior superfluidity of neutron stars during binary neutron star mergers, in generation of excitation in ultralight axion-like field near a strong gravitational wave source, etc.
Highlights
Topological defects exist in systems ranging from condensed matter to the early Universe [1,2]
In our (2 þ 1)-dimensional simulations, we show that the spacetime oscillations can excite an initial field configuration, which leads to the formation of topological vortices in the system
We study the effects of spacetime oscillations on the evolution of a complex scalar field
Summary
Topological defects exist in systems ranging from condensed matter to the early Universe [1,2]. In the case of neutron stars during BNS merger, the accessible frequencies of spacetime oscillations are many orders of magnitude smaller than the mass of condensate field of interior superfluidity (approximately 0.1–5.0 MeV). With these frequencies, even the transverse modes of condensate field may have difficulties growing due to finite size effects.
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