Effects of omeprazole on plasma concentration, efficacy and adverse reactions of capecitabine in patients with colorectal cancer

Abstract

Objective To explore the effects of omeprazole on plasma concentration, efficacy, and adverse reactions of capecitabine in patients with colorectal cancer. Methods 144 patients with colorectal cancer treated with oxaliplatin and capecitabine (XELOX regimen) in our hospital from January, 2017 to December, 2018 were selected as the study objects. According to the random number method, the patients were divided into a control group, treated without omeprazole, and a study group, added with omeprazole, with 72 cases in each group. The plasma concentrations, efficacies, and adverse reactions of capecitabine metabolite fluorouracil were compared between two groups. The progression-free survival time (PFS) was observed in both groups. Results The plasma concentration of capecitabine metabolite fluorouracil in the control group was (123.09±56.70) μg/ml, and that in the study group (126.25±50.59) μg/ml, with no statistical difference (P>0.05). The incidences of Ⅲ-Ⅳ bone marrow suppression, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, and hand-foot syndrome of the study group were 13.8%, 0.0%, 0.0%, and 19.4%, and those of the control group 11.1%, 0.0%, 0.0%, and 23.6%, with no statistical differences (all P>0.05). The incidence of reflux heartburn in the control group was 72.2%, which was significantly higher than that of the study group(44.4%, P 0.05). The median PFS of the study group was 8.0 months, and that of the control group 8.5 months (P>0.05). Conclusion Omeprazole does not affect the plasma concentration of capecitabine or disease remission rate, nor does it significantly affect the patients' PFS, but it relieves the patients' reflux heartburn symptom. Key words: Colorectal cancer; Omeprazole; Capecitabine; Plasma concentration; Efficacy of chemotherapy; Adverse reactions