Abstract
Beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acid (O3FA) supplementation in a wide range of disease condition have been well studied. However, there is limited information regarding the effects of O3FAs on chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially in diabetic nephropathy (DN) with hypertriglyceridemia. We investigate whether O3FA supplementation could help maintain renal function in patients with diabetes and hypertriglyceridemia. Total 344 type 2 diabetic patients with a history of O3FA supplementation for managing hypertriglyceridemia were included. Reduction in urine albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) and glomerular filtrate rate (GFR) were examined. Subgroup analyses were stratified according to the daily O3FA doses. Serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and urine ACR significantly reduced after O3FA supplementation. Overall, 172 (50.0%) patients did not experience renal function loss, and 125 (36.3%) patients had a GFR with a positive slope. The patients treated with O3FAs at 4g/day showed greater maintenance in renal function than those treated with lower dosages (p < 0.001). This dose dependent effect remains significant after adjustment for multiple variables. O3FA supplementation in diabetic patients with hypertriglyceridemia shows benefits of reducing albuminuria and maintaining renal function. The effects are dependent on the dose of daily O3FA supplementation.
Highlights
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as kidney dysfunction present for > 3 months, with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 [1]
The major finding of this study is that omega-3 fatty acid (O3FA) supplementation may help with preserving renal function in type 2 diabetes patients with hypertriglyceridemia
GFR decline was observed in our study population, the mean annual rate of GFR decline was relatively slower than that reported in a previous study [5]
Summary
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as kidney dysfunction present for > 3 months, with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 [1]. Many studies have reported that both lower GFR and greater albuminuria are independently related to the rates of end-stage. Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation and Diabetic Nephropathy renal disease (ESRD), cardiovascular events, and mortality. More than 40% of subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) develop diabetic nephropathy (DN) [2], which has become the leading cause of ESRD [3]. DN is characterized by abnormal urinary albumin excretion progressing from microalbuminuria (30–300 μg/min) to macroalbuminuria (> 300 μg/min) [1]. Early screening and limited intervention can prevent or delay DN progression in diabetic patients with microalbuminuria [6]
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