Effects of omecamtiv mecarbil on calcium-transients and contractility in a translational canine myocyte model

Abstract

Omecamtiv mecarbil (OM) is a selective cardiac myosin activator (myotrope), currently in Phase 3 clinical investigation as a novel treatment for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. OM increases cardiac contractility by enhancing interaction between myosin and actin in a calcium-independent fashion. This study aims to characterize the mechanism of action by evaluating its simultaneous effect on myocyte contractility and calcium-transients (CTs) in healthy canine ventricular myocytes. Left ventricular myocytes were isolated from canines and loaded with Fura-2 AM. With an IonOptix system, contractility parameters including amplitude and duration of sarcomere shortening, contraction and relaxation velocity, and resting sarcomere length were measured. CT parameters including amplitude at systole and diastole, velocity at systole and diastole, and duration at 50% from peak were simultaneously measured. OM was tested at 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1, and 3 µmol\L concentrations to simulate therapeutic human plasma exposure levels. OM and isoproterenol (ISO) demonstrated differential effects on CTs and myocyte contractility. OM increased contractility mainly by prolonging duration of contraction while ISO increased contractility mainly by augmenting the amplitude of contraction. ISO increased the amplitude and velocity of CT, shortened duration of CT concurrent with increasing myocyte contraction, while OM did not change the amplitude, velocity, and duration of CT up to 1 µmol\L. Decreases in relaxation velocity and increases in duration were present only at 3 µmol\L. In this translational myocyte model study, therapeutically relevant concentrations of OM increased contractility but did not alter intracellular CTs, a mechanism of action distinct from traditional calcitropes.