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Abstract
article i nfo Background: Three oligosaccharides (EOS, WOS and SOS) were respectively prepared from the corresponding polysaccharides, namely exopolysaccharide (EPS), water-extracted mycelial polysaccharide (WPS) and sodium hydroxide-extracted mycelial polysaccharides (SPS) from the endophytic fungus Fusarium oxysporum Dzf17. In this study, the effects of EOS, WOS and SOS on the activities of the defense-related enzymes, namely phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), polyphenoloxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) in its host plant Dioscorea zingiberensis cultures were investigated. Results: For the suspension cell cultures of D. zingiberensis, the highest PAL activity was induced by 0.5 mg/mL of WOS at 48 h after treatment, which was 4.55-fold as that of control. Both PPO and POD activities were increased to the maximum values by 0.25 mg/mL of WOS at 48 h after treatment, which were respectively 3.74 and 3.45-fold as those of control. For the seedling cultures, the highest PAL activity was elicited by 2.5 mg/mL of EOS at 48 h after treatment, which was 3.62-fold as that of control. Bot hP PO and POD reached their maximum values treated with 2.5 mg/mL of WOS at 48 ha fter treatment, which were 4.61 and 4.19-fold as those of control, separately. Conclusions: Both EOSand WOSsignificantly increased the activities of PAL, PPO and POD in the suspension cell and seedling cultures of D. zingiberensis. The results suggested that the oligosaccharides from the endophytic fungus F. oxysporum Dzf17 may be related to the activation and enhancement of the defensive mechanisms of D. zingiberensis suspension cell and seedling cultures.
Highlights
Plants exhibit constitutive and inducible defenses against pathogen attacks
We aim to investigate the effects of the oligosaccharide elicitors from F. oxysporum Dzf17 on the activities of the defense-related enzymes in the suspension cell and seedling cultures of its host plant
For the POD activity assay, 10 μL of crude enzymatic solution was mixed with 25 μL of 1% guaiacol (w/v), 25 μL of 1% H2O2 (v/v) and 150 μL of 0.05 mol/L PBS
Summary
Plants exhibit constitutive and inducible defenses against pathogen attacks. Differential responses of plants to the pathogens have been found in many plant–pathogen interactions, which led to an initiation of complex defense signal transductions in plant cells. Most plants have developed a variety of inducible defense mechanisms against diverse biotic and abiotic stresses, such as cell wall reinforcement by deposition of lignin,. An apparently ubiquitous feature of plant defensive response to pathogen attack is the induction of defense-related enzymes such as phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), polyphenoloxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD), glucanase, and chitinase [5,6]. The effects of EOS, WOS and SOS on the activities of the defense-related enzymes, namely phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), polyphenoloxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) in its host plant Dioscorea zingiberensis cultures were investigated
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