Abstract
BackgroundThe aim of this study was to determine the effects of oil quality and antioxidant (AOX) supplementation on sow performance, milk composition and oxidative status.MethodsA total of 80 PIC (PIC breeding, 3 ~ 5 parities) sows with similar body condition were allocated to four groups (n = 20), receiving diets including fresh corn oil, oxidized corn oil, fresh corn oil plus AOX and oxidized corn oil plus AOX, respectively, from d 85 of gestation to d 21 of lactation. AOX was provided at 200 mg/kg diet and mixed with corn oil prior to dietary formulation.ResultsThe results showed that sows fed oxidized corn oil had significantly lower feed intake (P < 0.05) during lactation period. Feeding oxidized corn oil markedly decreased (P < 0.05) the contents of protein and fat in colostrums and milk, but the addition of AOX in oxidized corn oil prevented the decrease on protein content of colostrums. Moreover, sows fed oxidized corn oil had significantly lower serum activities of total SOD and Mn-SOD across lactation (P < 0.05). In contrast, addition of AOX to oxidized corn oil tended to inhibit the production of MDA (P = 0.08) in sows across lactation relative to fresh oil. Intriguingly, the placental oxidative status was affected by oil quality and AOX supplementation, as indicated by the markedly increased placental gene expression of GPX and SOD (P < 0.05) in sows fed oxidized corn oil but normalized by supplementation of AOX.ConclusionIn conclusion, feeding oxidized corn oil did not markedly affect reproductive performance in addition to decreasing feed intake during lactation. Milk composition and systemic oxidative status were deteriorated in sows fed oxidized corn oil and partially improved by AOX supplementation. Moreover, placental antioxidant system of sows may have an adaptive response to oxidative stress, but normalized by AOX.
Highlights
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of oil quality and antioxidant (AOX) supplementation on sow performance, milk composition and oxidative status
In this study, we formulated sow diets with oxidized corn oil, containing 5 mEq/kg peroxide value, which is relatively lower than the value of 9 mEq/kg diet used in growing pigs by Fernandez-Duenas [8]
Sows have 2 ~ 4 times higher feed intake than that of growing pigs, and an increased systemic oxidative stress and reduced concentration of antioxidant nutrients had been observed during late gestation and lactation of sows [21, 22]
Summary
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of oil quality and antioxidant (AOX) supplementation on sow performance, milk composition and oxidative status. Overproduction of free radicals may exceed the capability of antioxidant system, resulting in oxidative stress which can damage cellular lipids, proteins or DNA, Dietary oxidized fat has been recognized as an important factor to induce oxidative stress and decrease performance in food animals such as pigs [8], poultry [9, 10] and aquaculture [11], very limited data was reported in dam animals. A recent study showed that sows suffered systematic oxidative stress due to the lower antioxidant nutrients and total antioxidant capability during late gestation and lactation [12], when there was increased. Previous studies have indicated dietary antioxidant supplementation prevented excessive production of ROS and improved performance as well as antioxidant status in cow lactation [16] and broilers [17]
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