Effects of novel bioorganic fertilizer application on soil enzymes and bacterial community in multi-site rice paddies in China

Lianyang Bai,Lifeng Wang,Jincai Han,Zuren Li,Di Peng,Haodong Bai

doi:10.1186/s13568-021-01241-5

Lianyang Bai, Lifeng Wang + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-021-01241-5

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Abstract

Application of a novel bioorganic fertilizer (BIO) has been effectively used to inhibit weeds in rice paddies. To identify changes in soil bacterial community and enzymes in response to BIO treatments, field experiments were carried out in five major rice-growing areas in China. The dominant phylogenetic groups recorded included Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Acidobacteria. Anaeromyxobacter, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Escherichia- Shigella, Geobacter and Haliangium were significantly different between BIO-treatment and untreated control and aided in general function (R), amino acid transport, metabolism (E) and transcription (K) clusters. The soil chemical properties and enzyme activities were less affected by BIO at these study sites. RDA analysis showed that soil bacterial community had a significant positive correlations among northern latitude, eastern longitude, exchangeable K, total K, total P, soil pH, and total N, except for organic matter, hydrolytic N and extractable P. Overall, our work showed that application of BIO does not alter the main community structure and functional diversity of soil bacteria in rice paddies and should be encouraged for use as a sustainable weed management strategy.

Highlights

Soils provide the physical anchor for crops and the management of its quality is key, in order to maintain agricultural productivity and ecosystems sustainability (Bardgett 2010)
No significant differences were observed between bioorganic fertilizer (BIO) treatment and untreated plots for soil pH, the total N, total K and total P at all five rice paddy sites
The exchangeable K was higher in the BIO treatment (193 mg/kg and 243 mg/kg) than untreated plot (152 mg/kg and 142 mg/kg) at JS and GZ site rice paddy

Summary

Introduction

Soils provide the physical anchor for crops and the management of its quality is key, in order to maintain agricultural productivity and ecosystems sustainability (Bardgett 2010). Soil bacterial community and enzyme activities are important components for soil functioning. Soil bacterial communities are essential part of the microbial community, and play roles in soil habitats in terms of their biodiversity and biomass (Bahram et al 2018). Microbial communities play specific roles in biogeochemical cycling and soil functioning through traits such as their species richness, biotic interactions and decomposing activities (Kumar et al 2018). Evaluating the negative effects of herbicides on soil functions is critical for the sustainable utilization of soil and prevention of damage to agricultural ecosystems (Carvalho 2017). It was shown that treatment of soil with glyphosate at

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