Abstract
Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of nonpharmacological interventions in improving balance function of patients with osteoporosis or osteopenia using network meta-analysis (NMA). Methods We searched seven databases (PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, CKNI, Wanfang Data, VIP, and CBM) for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to August 31, 2020. Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Time Up and Go Test (TUGT) were used as outcome measures. Two researchers independently screened studies, collected data from the studies, and estimated risk of study bias. Divergence in the evaluation process was settled by consulting a third researcher. We used Stata 15.1 software for network meta-analysis (NMA). Results We identified 10 eligible RCTs, with a total of 737 patients and four intervention methods, including traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) exercises, pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs), strength training, and balance and strength training. The results revealed that all nonpharmacological interventions could improve balance function, but the effect of balance and strength training was better than other interventions. Conclusion Exercise can significantly improve the balance function of patients with osteoporosis and osteopenia, and balance combined with strength training has the best effect, followed by TCM exercises.
Highlights
Osteoporosis is characterized by deterioration of bone microstructure and loss of bone mass and leads to fracture
We studied the effects on balance function of these therapies in patients with osteoporosis and osteopenia to help doctors develop better treatment strategies
Studies Searching. e initial screening found 690 studies; 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the network meta-analysis (NMA) after applying exclusion and inclusion criteria
Summary
Osteoporosis is characterized by deterioration of bone microstructure and loss of bone mass and leads to fracture. Due to media overreporting of rare adverse reactions to related drugs and the tendency of high-risk groups for noncompliance, the prevalence of fracture rates continues to increase [2]. Effective drugs such as bisphosphonates, teriparatide, and estrogen are recommended for the treatment of bone loss prevention. Some studies have shown these drugs can increase bone mineral density (BMD) and improve balance thereby preventing falls [9], results are not consistent. Extensive development of nonpharmacological interventions suggests promise for the prevention of fracture [2, 10, 11]. We studied the effects on balance function of these therapies in patients with osteoporosis and osteopenia to help doctors develop better treatment strategies
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