Effects of N-nitro l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), a potent nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, on visual evoked potentials of rats exposed to different experimental stress models.

Abstract

The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-nitro l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME, 10 mg kg-1 day-1 i.p.), on visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and lipid peroxidation expected to occur during chronic stress (15 days). Eight experimental groups, each consisting of 10 rats, were formed: control group (C), the group injected with l-NAME (L), groups exposed to cold stress (CS), immobilization stress (IS), and both cold and immobilization stress (CIS), groups exposed to stress and injected with l-NAME (CSL, ISL, CISL). l-NAME decreased brain and retina nitrite levels in all experimental groups compared with their corresponding control groups. l-NAME decreased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in the brain and retina in the L group, but increased it in the CSL and CISL groups compared with the C group. Lipid peroxidation was increased in the brain and retina tissues of all stress groups with respect to the C group. l-NAME markedly increased brain thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels in the L group, while significantly decreasing brain and retina TBARS levels in all stress groups in comparison with their respective control groups. l-NAME caused a significant delay in all components of VEPs in the L group compared with the C group. However, l-NAME significantly decreased latencies of P1, N1, P2 and P3 components in the CSL group and all components in the ISL and CISL groups with respect to their corresponding control groups. This study clearly indicated that lipid peroxidation may be one possible factor affecting VEP components.