Effects of new minimum volume standards in visceral surgery on healthcare in Brandenburg, Germany, from the perspective of healthcare providers

Abstract

The legally prescribed minimum volume standards for complex esophageal and pancreatic surgery have been increased or will increase in 2023 and 2025, respectively. Hospitals not reaching the minimum volume standards are no longer allowed to perform these surgeries and are not entitled tor reimbursement. The study aims to explore which effects are expected by healthcare professionals and patient representatives and what possible solutions exist for Brandenburg, arural federal state in northeast Germany. In this study 19expert interviews were conducted with hospital employees (head/senior physicians, nursing director), resident physicians and patient representatives between July 2022 and January 2023. The data analysis was based on content analysis. Healthcare professionals and patient representatives expect aredistribution into afew clinics for surgical care (specialized centres); conversely more clinics that do not (no longer) perform the defined surgeries but could function as gatekeeping hospitals for basic care, diagnostics and follow-up (regional centres). The redistribution could also impact forms of treatment that are not directly defined within the regulation for minimum volume standards. The increased thresholds could also affect medical training and staff recruitment. Asolution could be collaborations between different hospitals, which would have to be structurally promoted. The study showed that minimum volume standards not only influence the quality of outcomes and accessibility but also have amultitude of other effects. Particularly for rural regions, minimum volume standards are challenging for access to esophageal and pancreatic surgery as well as for communication between specialized and regional centres or resident providers.