Abstract
Refugees affected by multiple traumatic stressors are at high risk for developing trauma‐related mental disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and insomnia, which is sometimes overlooked. The present study examined the effectiveness of narrative exposure therapy (NET) on trauma‐related symptoms in a sample of North Korean refugee youth. We focused on sleep patterns in addition to changes in symptom severity for PTSD, depression, and internalizing and externalizing symptoms. North Korean refugee youth (N = 20) with PTSD were assigned to either an NET‐based treatment group or a control group, which consisted of treatment as usual (TAU). There were clinically significant reductions in PTSD, depression, and internalizing and externalizing symptoms for the NET group, Hedges’ g = 3.6, but not the TAU group. The change in diagnostic status for PTSD was more notable for participants in the NET group compared to the TAU group. Of note, NET also produced a significant improvement in insomnia symptoms and sleep quality, Hedges’ g = 2.1. The substantial recovery regarding overall posttraumatic symptoms in the NET group was observed 2 weeks after the end of treatment and remained stable at 6‐month follow‐up. The results of the present study suggest that NET may be a treatment option for traumatized North Korean refugee youth and may also be effective for the treatment of sleep problems that arise from traumatic experiences.
Highlights
Displaced populations, such as refugees and asylum seekers, have often experienced multiple traumatic stressors (Augsburger, Dohrmann, Schauer, & Elbert, 2017; Ibrahim & Hassan, 2017)
The change in the diagnostic status for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was more notable in participants who were given narrative exposure therapy (NET) than those who engaged in treatment as usual (TAU)
It is important to note that a symptom reduction was observed in both the NET and TAU conditions, the reduction found in the NET group was significantly larger and clinically important, and participants in the TAU group reported clinical levels of remaining PTSD and depression symptoms after treatment completion
Summary
Displaced populations, such as refugees and asylum seekers, have often experienced multiple traumatic stressors (Augsburger, Dohrmann, Schauer, & Elbert, 2017; Ibrahim & Hassan, 2017). We compared NET to treatment as usual (TAU), focusing on insomnia and sleep quality in addition to changes in symptoms of PTSD and depression.
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