Abstract
Mesoporous calcium-silicate nanoparticles (MCSNs) are advanced biomaterials for drug delivery and mineralization induction. They can load silver and exhibit significantly antibacterial effects. However, the effects of MCSNs and silver-loaded MCSNs on dentin are unknown. The silver (Ag) and/or zinc (Zn) incorporated MCSNs (Ag-Zn-MCSNs) were prepared by a template method, and their characterizations were tested. Then the nanoparticles were filled into root canals and their effects on the dentin were investigated. Ag-Zn-MCSNs showed characteristics of mesoporous materials and sustained release of ions over time. Ag-Zn-MCSNs adhered well to the root canal walls and infiltrated into the dentinal tubules after ultrasound activation. Ag-Zn-MCSNs showed no significantly negative effects on either the flexural strength or the modulus of elasticity of dentin, while CH decreased the flexural strength of dentin significantly (P<0.05). These findings suggested that Ag and Zn can be incorporated into MCSNs using a template method, and the Ag-Zn-MCSNs may be developed into a new disinfectant for the root canal and dentinal tubules.
Highlights
The essential elements for successful outcomes of endodontic treatment are eliminating or significantly reducing bacterial biofilms and preventing recontamination of the root canal system after treatment [1]
Bacteria biofilm structures in infected root canals, the anatomical complexities of the root canal system, dentin structure/composition, and the limitations associated with chemical disinfectants present challenges for endodontic disinfection [1, 2]
The EDS analysis spectrum confirmed the presence of Ca and Si elements in all the nanoparticles and Ag and/or Zn in the Ag-Mesoporous calcium-silicate nanoparticles (MCSNs), Zn-MCSNs and Ag-Zn-MCSNs (Fig 3)
Summary
The essential elements for successful outcomes of endodontic treatment are eliminating or significantly reducing bacterial biofilms and preventing recontamination of the root canal system after treatment [1]. Bacteria biofilm structures in infected root canals, the anatomical complexities of the root canal system, dentin structure/composition, and the limitations associated with chemical disinfectants present challenges for endodontic disinfection [1, 2]. One necessary element in the control of endodontic infection is the use of local intracanal medicaments between appointments. Calcium hydroxide (CH) has been widely used as a routine antimicrobial intracanal medication in endodontics [3]. The antibacterial property of CH is related to the release of hydroxyl ions in an aqueous environment.
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