Effects of Nanohydroxyapatite Incorporation into Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC)

Rishnnia Murugan,Farinawati Yazid,Nurrul Shaqinah Nasruddin,Nur Najmi Mohamad Anuar

doi:10.3390/min12010009

Rishnnia Murugan, Farinawati Yazid + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/min12010009

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Journal: Minerals	Publication Date: Dec 22, 2021
Citations: 9	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: National University of Malaysia

Abstract

Glass ionomer cement (GIC) or polyalkenoate cement is a water-based cement that is commonly used in clinical dentistry procedures as a restorative material. It exhibits great properties such as fluoride-ion release, good biocompatibility, ease of use and great osteoconductive properties. However, GIC’s low mechanical properties have become a major drawback, limiting the cement’s usage, especially in high stress-bearing areas. Nanohydroxyapatite, which is a biologically active phosphate ceramic, is added as a specific filler into glass ionomer cement to improve its properties. In this review, it is shown that incorporating hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHA) into GIC has been proven to exhibit better physical properties, such as increasing the compressive strength and fracture toughness. It has also been shown that the addition of nanohydroxyapatite into GIC reduces cytotoxicity and microleakage, whilst heightening its fluoride ion release and antibacterial properties. This review aims to provide a brief overview of the recent studies elucidating their recommendations which are linked to the benefits of incorporating hydroxyapatite nanoparticles into glass ionomer cement.

Highlights

Glass ionomer cement (GIC) belongs to the acid-base cement class and has been a major restorative filling material used in atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) [2]
The results showed that the sample of GIC added with nanohydroxyapatite-silica had increased fluoride ion release compared to the conventional GIC samples
GIC exerts some shortcomings which limit its usage in clinical dentistry, in high-stress bearing areas

Summary

Introduction

Glass ionomer cement (GIC) is well known for its long history of usage in clinical dentistry ever since it was introduced by Wilson and Kent in 1971 [1]. GIC belongs to the acid-base cement class and has been a major restorative filling material used in atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) [2]. GIC is composed of polymeric acid, ion-leachable glass, and water. These components mixture undergo a reaction setting, in which the acid will be neutralized by the basic glass powder [4]. According to Sidhu et al [5], polyalkenoic acids are used as polymers in the synthesis of GIC. The synthesis of glass ionomer cement is well described in the literature [4]

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