Abstract
A subset of durum wheat Spanish landraces, previously evaluated for yield at low and high nitrogen (N) levels, was analysed for quality, protein content (P) and sodium dodecyl sulphate sedimentation (SDSS) test. The evaluation was carried out at the two N rates and in two years. The influence of prolamin alleles at the Glu-1, Glu-3, Glu-B2 and Gli-1 loci on quality parameters was also studied. The non significant Variety-by-Year or Variety-by-N interactions suggested that year and N affected all the varieties in a similar manner. Year and N effects were larger than variety effect for P, which increased with N. In contrast, variety genotype exhibited a stronger influence on SDSS test, which was not affected by year and fertilizer. Variety effects on P did not reflect the variety differences for SDSS test. A high positive influence of some prolamin alleles on quality parameters was detected, mainly for SDSS values. No correlation between yield and P was detected in the landraces adapted to low N. Based on the results of yield and quality evaluations, four landraces with high yield and high gluten strength were pre-selected for low N production.
Highlights
High yield and good quality are necessary features in todays durum wheat market
The objectives of the present work were to evaluate the same landraces for quality at two N levels and in two different years, and to study the influence of prolamin alleles on quality parameters
Fifty Spanish durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. turgidum) landraces from 27 provinces were selected from the wheat collection maintained in the Plant Genetic Resources Centre at the Spanish National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (CRF-INIA)
Summary
High yield and good quality are necessary features in todays durum wheat market. Both aspects respond positively to nitrogen (N) fertilization. There are situations, as in marginal areas or fororganicproduction, where reduced N use is desired for environmental and economic reasons. Identification of wheat genotypes that maintain quality and yield with minimal fertilizer input has a particular relevance. Pasta quality depends mainly on grain protein, clearly influenced by environment and correlated negatively with yield, and on the seed storage prolamin proteins. Some studies have shown that particular allelic combinations of prolamins are responsible for differences in gluten strength among cultivars (Carrillo et al, 1990; Kaan et al, 1993). Durum wheat quality can vary widely in response to environmental and genotypic factors
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