Abstract
The behavioural effects of morphine on random bred Macropodus opercularis , five strains of this species of fish, and the closely related subspecies M. opercularis concolor , were assessed by an ethopharmacological analysis based on the study of different active and passive behavioural units. The results showed that morphine 1. 1) exerted qualitatively different effects in the different strains, 2. 2) did not involve a general enhancement of active behavioural units or a general behavioural depression, but a selective increase of some of them, or the outcome of stereotyped behaviour. In general these findings stress out the importance of ethopharmacological studies for assessing qualitative behavioural differences which may be related to genetically-modulated neurobiological differences.
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