Abstract
The effects of monovalent cations on glucose utilization, glycogen synthesis and lactate formation of rat diaphragm incubated in vitro were studied in the presence and absence of insulin. It was found that the monovalent ions markedly influenced glucose metabolism and the action of insulin in this tissue. Sodium and particularly lithium ions promoted glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis, while in the presence of a high concentration of potassium, glucose utilization and glycogen synthesis were low and lactate formation increased. The maximal effect of insulin was obtained in media high in sodium or lithium ions. The sulfhydryl reagent, 2,2'-dithiodipyridine (DTP), inhibited glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis to the same extent. Lactate production was unchanged by DTP when the tissues were incubated in a sodium medium and was increased by DTP in the presence of lithium. The monovalent cations strongly influence the metabolic action of insulin in the diaphragm preparation and appear to act by affecting an early rapid reaction catalyzed by the hormone.
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