Effects of Mogrosides on High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice.

Xiaobing Zhang,Yunfei Song,Weidong Xie,Ling Liao,Yaou Zhang,Yipei Ding,Jin Zhong,Pengbo Sun,Fan Lei,Wei Wang

doi:10.3390/molecules23081894

Abstract

Obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are highly prevalent and cause numerous metabolic diseases. However, drugs for the prevention and treatment of obesity and NAFLD remain unavailable. In this study, we investigated the effects of mogrosides (luo han guo, LH) in Siraitia grosvenorii saponins on high-fat-diet-induced obesity and NAFLD in mice. We found that compared with the negative control, LH reduced body and liver weight. LH also decreased fat accumulation and increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation (pAMPK) levels in mouse livers. We also found that high-purity mogroside V upregulated pAMPK expression in HepG2 cells. In addition, high-purity mogroside V inhibited reactive oxygen species production and upregulated sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1, p62) expression in THP-1 cells. These results suggest that LH may affect obesity and NAFLD by enhancing fat metabolism and antioxidative defenses. Mogroside V may be a main component of LH. However, the exact molecular mechanisms and active components responsible for the inhibitory effects of LH on obesity and NAFLD require further investigation.

Highlights

IntroductionObesity is defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation or a body mass index ≥30 kg/m [1]
Obesity is defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation or a body mass index ≥30 kg/m [1].Obesity rates in low- and middle-income countries are increasing
We investigated the effects of LH on high-fat-diet-induced obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

Summary

Introduction

Obesity is defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation or a body mass index ≥30 kg/m [1]. Obesity rates in low- and middle-income countries are increasing. 2 billion individuals who are overweight are considered obese [2]. Obesity exerts severe health effects, degrades life quality, and imposes a massive social burden. Ideal drugs for the prevention and treatment of obesity are currently unavailable. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease. It may progress through the stages of simple bland steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, hepatic fibrosis, and cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma [3]. NAFLD is highly prevalent among overweight and obese individuals [4], and a definitive pharmacotherapy for NAFLD remains nonexistent

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