Abstract
Nowadays refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) are regarded as great candidates for the replacement of superalloys at high temperature. To design a RHEA, one must understand the pros and cons of every refractory element. However, the elemental effect on mechanical properties remains unclear. In this study, the subtraction method was applied on equiatomic HfMoNbTaTiZr alloys to discover the role of each element, and, thus, HfMoNbTaTiZr, HfNbTaTiZr, HfMoTaTiZr, HfMoNbTiZr, HfMoNbTaZr, and HfMoNbTaTi were fabricated and analyzed. The microstructure and mechanical properties of each alloy at the as-cast state were examined. The solid solution phase formation rule and the solution strengthening effect are also discussed. Finally, the mechanism of how Mo, Nb, Ta, Ti, and Zr affect the HfMoNbTaTiZr alloys was established after comparing the properties of these alloys.
Highlights
Refractory elements, including Rhenium (Re), Molybdenum (Mo), Niobium (Nb), Tantalum (Ta), and Tungsten (W) [1] are very important for improving mechanical properties in advanced alloys such as Titanium alloys and Nickel-base superalloys
The Niobium alloy C103 is used for the nozzle extension of satellites [5]
Refractory alloys are known as having the great potential for elevated-temperature applications because of their high strength at elevated temperature
Summary
Refractory elements, including Rhenium (Re), Molybdenum (Mo), Niobium (Nb), Tantalum (Ta), and Tungsten (W) [1] are very important for improving mechanical properties in advanced alloys such as Titanium alloys and Nickel-base superalloys. Elements with a melting point higher than Titanium (Ti), such as Chromium (Cr), Hafnium (Hf), Osmium (Os), Ruthenium (Ru), Vanadium (V), and Zirconium (Zr) are classified as refractory elements. In Titanium alloys, refractory elements, especially Mo and W, are all beta stabilizers and possess a strong solid solution strengthening characteristic [2]. Nb forms Ni3 Nb γ phase in Nickel-base superalloys such as Inconel 718 [3]. The melting point of Nickel-base superalloy limits the application itself above 1200 ◦ C. It is necessary to develop new refractory alloys, especially for applications at temperatures higher than 1200 ◦ C
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