Abstract
Fifty mainly crossbred growing pigs were fed diets composed of a basal feed (2% fat) and supplemented 30% gross energy in the form of butter oil, cream, low erucic acid rapeseed oil (LEAR), sunflower oil or partially hydrogenated sunflower oil for 88 days in order to evaluate the effects of different food fats on their serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The levels of serum total cholesterol in the animals fed butter oil (3.47 mmol/l) and cream (3.48 mmol/l) were significantly (p
Highlights
According to the lipid hypothesis, dietary saturated fatty acids increase plasma cholesterol concentrations twice as much as polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease cholesterol concentrations (Keys et al 1965)
The domesticpig is regarded as a good animal model for studying the effects of dietary fats on plasma cholesterol and lipid levels because its response to high fat or high cholesterol diets closely resembles that ofhumans (Marsh et al 1972).Pigs develop spontaneous atherosclerosis with age, but are susceptible to atherosclerotic plaque formation induced by dietary manipulation (Kritchevsky 1975)
The same trends were evident after 6 weeks (Figure 1), which agreed with other studies where changes in swine total cholesterol levels were detectable already after 3-5 weeks
Summary
According to the lipid hypothesis, dietary saturated fatty acids increase plasma cholesterol concentrations twice as much as polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease cholesterol concentrations (Keys et al 1965). The hypothesis has been criticized because it excludes the influence of monosaturated fatty acids, which have been found to have hypocholesterolemic effects (Mattson and Grundy 1985). The domesticpig is regarded as a good animal model for studying the effects of dietary fats on plasma cholesterol and lipid levels because its response to high fat or high cholesterol diets closely resembles that ofhumans (Marsh et al 1972).Pigs develop spontaneous atherosclerosis with age, but are susceptible to atherosclerotic plaque formation induced by dietary manipulation (Kritchevsky 1975). There are numerous studies (e.g. HUTAGALUNG et al 1969, JACKSON et al 1977, Baldner-Shank et al 1987, Kim et al 1989, Faidley et al 1990) on the hyperlipidemic influence of dietary fats in pigs. Very few of them (Kim et al 1989) have dealt with either butter oil or low erucic acid rapeseed oil, which are the most commonly used food fats produced in Finland
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