Effects of metformin versus ethinyl-estradiol plus cyproterone acetate on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and carotid intima media thickness in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract

To compare the effects of metformin versus an antiandrogenic contraceptive pill on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Clinical randomized trial. Academic hospital. Thirty-four consecutive PCOS patients. PCOS patients randomized to oral treatment with metformin (n = 19) or with Diane(35) Diario pill (n = 15) for 24 weeks. ABPM recordings and ultrasound measurements of CIMT as marker of subclinical atherosclerosis obtained at baseline and after treatment. Metformin resulted in reductions in daytime and 24-hour average systolic and diastolic blood pressure whereas Diane(35) Diario induced a slight increase in these parameters. Compared with a nonhyperandrogenic control group, the increased CIMT values of PCOS patients decreased to the normal range after treatment with either metformin or Diane(35) Diario. Metformin treatment decreased daytime ABPM recordings whereas Diane(35) Diario exerted the opposite effect. The safer blood pressure profile of metformin should be considered in PCOS patients who present with a history of hypertension or who are at risk for this disorder. Treatment with either Diane(35) Diario or metformin improved CIMT mean values.