Abstract
The influence of several media components and environmental factors on shoot formation in protoplast-derived calli of Solanum tuberosum (a Rosamunda cross) were studied. Low sucrose concentration (3–15 mM) was beneficial for optimal shoot induction. Several concentrations of NO3 - and NH4 + were suitable for shoot induction as long as the concentration of NO3 - was about twice the concentration of NH4 + or higher. No stimulatory effect of glutamine, proline, putrescine, spermidine, spermine or adenine sulphate at 0.5 and 2 mM were found. White light promoted shoot induction compared with red and blue light or darkness. The intensity of light was shown to be a critical factor for good shoot induction. Lower light intensity (30 μE m-2 s-1) resulted in doubling of the number of calli producing shoots compared with higher (110 μE m-2 s-1) light intensity. A temperature of 20°C promoted shoot regeneration compared to 25°C. Based on these results improved conditions for regeneration of S. tuberosum are suggested, and shown to enhance shoot formation in five other genotypes tested.
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