Abstract
In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the homeostatic response to extreme exercises, especially in the integrated function of muscle and bone. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a marathon race on selected myokines and sclerostin in 10 male recreational runners (mean age 41 ± 7.7 years). Body composition, bone mineral density (BMD), and the serum concentration of myostatin, irisin, sclerostin, osteoprotegerin (OPG), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), parathyroid hormone (PTH), high-sensitivity interleukin-6 (hsIL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and myoglobin, were determined 24 h before and 24 h and 72 h after a marathon race. Post-marathon increases were observed in the levels of myostatin (1.2-fold), OPG (1.5-fold), and PTH (1.3-fold), hsIL-6 (1.9-fold), myoglobin (4.1-fold), hsCRP (fivefold), TNFα (2.6-fold), after 24 h; and in myostatin (1.2-fold), irisin (1.1-fold), sclerostin (1.3-fold), OPG (1.3-fold), and PTH (1.4-fold), hsIL-6 (1.4-fold), TNFα (1.9-fold), after 72 h compared to the baseline level. The results show that in response to the marathon run, a complex network of endocrine interactions is initiated. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the long-term impact of prolonged high intensity exercise on the human body.
Highlights
In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the homeostatic response to extreme exercises, especially in the integrated function of muscle and bone
The correlation analysis of these changes (Δ1-3) indicated that sclerostin was positively correlated with high-sensitivity interleukin-6 (hsIL-6)
The main findings of our study clearly indicate that the marathon race contributed to a significant increase in the concentrations of myokines and sclerostin
Summary
There has been increasing interest in the homeostatic response to extreme exercises, especially in the integrated function of muscle and bone. Physical exercise is an important component of a healthy lifestyle, still little is known how homeostatic response to long-lasting exercises performed during a marathon run influences muscle-bone c rosstalk[2]. These organs communicate via mechanotransduction, and through the endocrine system via myokines (e.g., myostatin, irisin, IL-6) and osteokines (e.g., sclerostin). Myokines participate in the autocrine regulation of metabolism, angiogenesis, and muscle growth, as well as in the paracrine and endocrine regulation of other tissues and organs, such as bone, liver, brain, and adipose tissue[9]. Exercise-induced myokines can have an anti-inflammatory effect in acute inflammation (during the course of infection) and chronic low-grade inflammation (due to aging or metabolic disorders)[10]
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